Charging control apparatus and method for electronic device

ABSTRACT

A charging control apparatus and method for an electronic device are provided. During a process of charging, the power adapter first charges the battery with a constant-voltage direct current output, and then after the power adapter receives a quick-charging instruction, the power adapter adjusts an output voltage according to the voltage of the battery fed back by the charging control circuit, and if the output voltage meets a quick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the charging control circuit, the power adapter adjusts an output current and the output voltage respectively according to a preset quick-charging current value and a preset quick-charging voltage value for quick-charging the battery, and meanwhile the charging control circuit introduces direct current from the power adapter for charging the battery; during a process of quick-charging, the power adapter adjusts the output current in real time according to the output voltage thereof and the voltage of the battery.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of a U.S. applicationSer. No. 15/114,990, filed Jul. 28, 2016, which is a national phase ofof International Application No. PCT/CN2014/076871, filed on May 6,2014, which is based on and claims priority to Chinese PatentApplication No. 201410042510.5, filed on Jan. 28, 2014, the entirecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the charging technology field, andmore particularly, to a charging control apparatus and a chargingcontrol method for an electronic device.

BACKGROUND

Currently, a battery of an electronic device is charged by a poweradapter of the electronic device. Usually, the power adapter charges thebattery with a constant-voltage output mode. However, for the batterywith large capacity, too long charging time may be caused because of theconstant-voltage output mode. Therefore, quick-charging for the batterycannot be realized and the charging time cannot be shortened byadjusting an output current and an output voltage of the power adapterin the above related art.

SUMMARY

An embodiment of the present disclosure is realized as follows. Acharging control apparatus for an electronic device includes a poweradapter and a charging control circuit. The power adapter is configuredto charge a battery in the electronic device and to perform datacommunication with the charging control circuit via a communicationinterface thereof. The charging control circuit is built in theelectronic device and is configured to detect a voltage of the battery.The charging control circuit and the battery are coupled to thecommunication interface of the power adapter via a communicationinterface of the electronic device.

An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a chargingcontrol method for an electronic device based on the above chargingcontrol apparatus for the electronic device. The charging control methodfor the electronic device can include followings:

during a process of charging the battery, firstly charging the batteryby the power adapter with the constant-voltage direct-current output;

after receiving a quick-charging instruction sent by the chargingcontrol circuit, adjusting an output voltage by the power adapteraccording to a voltage of the battery fed back by the charging controlcircuit;

if the output voltage meets a quick-charging voltage condition pre-setby the charging control circuit, adjusting an output current and theoutput voltage respectively by the power adapter according to a presetquick-charging current value and a preset quick-charging voltage valuefor quick-charging the battery, and introducing the direct current fromthe power adapter simultaneously by the charging control circuit forcharging the battery; and adjusting the output current in real time bythe power adapter according to the output voltage of the power adapterand the voltage of the battery.

The present disclosure further relates to a charging device for battery.The charging device for battery includes a transformer, a potentialadjustment circuit, a main control circuit and a charging controlcircuit. The transformer is configured to output voltage and current tocharge the battery. The potential adjustment circuit is coupled to thetransformer and is configured to adjust output current of thetransformer. The main control circuit is coupled to the potentialadjustment circuit and is configured to control the potential adjustingcircuit to adjust the output current of the transformer. The chargingcontrol circuit is coupled to the main control circuit and is configuredto communicate with the main control circuit and obtain a real-timevoltage of the battery. When the battery is charged, when thetransformer outputs a first output current, the main control circuitcommunicates with the charging control circuit to inquiry whether thebattery needs to be charged with a second output current output by thetransformer, the second output current is larger than the first outputcurrent, the charging control circuit replies the main control circuitthe real-time voltage of the battery and send charging instruction withthe second output current to the main control circuit, the main controlcircuit controls the transformer to output the second output current tocharge the battery via the potential adjustment circuit according to thereal-time voltage of the battery.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a topology diagram showing a charging control apparatus for anelectronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a charging control method for anelectronic device based on the charging control apparatus for theelectronic device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is another flow chart showing a charging control method for anelectronic device based on the charging control apparatus for theelectronic device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram illustrating a charging controlapparatus for an electronic device according to an embodiment of thepresent disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary circuit structure ofa power adapter in a charging control apparatus for an electronic deviceaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary circuit structure ofa charging control circuit in a charging control apparatus for anelectronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;and

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another exemplary circuitstructure of a charging control circuit in a charging control apparatusfor an electronic device according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

To make the objectives, the technical solutions, and the advantages ofembodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutionsin embodiments of the present disclosure are hereinafter describedclearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings inembodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that,specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain thepresent disclosure, but not used to limit the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 illustrates a topology structure of a charging control apparatusfor an electronic device according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. For illustration purposes, only the parts related toembodiments of the present disclosure are shown, which will be describedin detail as follows.

The charging control apparatus for the electronic device provided inembodiments of the present disclosure includes a power adapter 100 and acharging control circuit 200. The power adapter 100 charges a battery300 in the electronic device and performs data communication with thecharging control circuit 200 via a communication interface 10 thereof.The charging control circuit 200 is built in the electronic device andis configured to detect a voltage of the battery 300. The chargingcontrol circuit 200 and the battery 300 are both coupled to thecommunication interface 10 of the power adapter 100 via a communicationinterface 20 of the electronic device.

During a process of charging the battery 300, the power adapter 100charges the battery 300 with a constant-voltage direct current outputfirstly. After receiving a quick-charging instruction sent by thecharging control circuit 200, the power adapter 100 adjusts an outputvoltage according to the voltage of the battery 300 fed back by thecharging control circuit 200. Then, if the output voltage meets aquick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the charging control circuit200, the power adapter 100 adjusts an output current and the outputvoltage respectively according to a preset quick-charging current valueand a preset quick-charging voltage value, for quick-charging thebattery 300, and meanwhile the charging control circuit 200 introducesthe direct current from the power adapter 100 for charging the battery300. During a process of quick-charging, the power adapter 100 adjuststhe output current in real time according to the output voltage thereofand the voltage of the battery 300.

Based on the charging control apparatus for the electronic device shownin FIG. 1, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a chargingcontrol method for an electronic device. As shown in FIG. 2, thecharging control method for the electronic device includes followings.

In block S1, during a process of charging the battery 300, the poweradapter 100 charges the battery 300 with the constant-voltagedirect-current output firstly.

In block S2, after the power adapter 100 receives a quick-charginginstruction sent by the charging control circuit 200, the power adapter100 adjusts an output voltage according to a voltage of the battery 300fed back by the charging control circuit 200.

In block S3, if the output voltage of the power adapter 100 meets aquick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the charging control circuit200, the power adapter 100 adjusts an output current and the outputvoltage respectively according to a preset quick-charging current valueand a preset quick-charging voltage value for quick-charging the battery300, and the charging control circuit 200 introduces the direct currentfrom the power adapter 100 simultaneously for charging the battery 300.

In block S4, the power adapter 100 adjusts the output current in realtime according to the output voltage of the power adapter 100 and thevoltage of the battery 300 fed back by the charging control circuit 200.

The quick-charging current value may be 4 A, and the quick-chargingvoltage may be any one selected from a range of 3.4V˜4.8V.

In at least one embodiment, the quick-charging instruction mentioned inblock S2, which is sent by the charging control circuit 200 and receivedby the power adapter 100, may be explained as follows.

When the power adapter 100 performs data communication with the chargingcontrol circuit 200, the power adapter 100 sends a quick-charginginquiry instruction to the charging control circuit 200 if the outputcurrent of the power adapter 100 is within a conventional current rangeduring a preset period of time. The charging control circuit 200determines the voltage of the battery 300 according to thequick-charging inquiry instruction. If the voltage of the battery 300reaches the quick-charging voltage value, the charging control circuit200 feeds back the quick-charging instruction to the power adapter 100.

The above preset period of time may be 3 S (second), and theconventional current range may be set as [1 A, 4 A].

The quick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the charging controlcircuit 200, which is mentioned in block S3 and is met by the outputvoltage of the power adapter 100, may be explained as follows.

When the power adapter 100 performs data communication with the chargingcontrol circuit 200, the power adapter 100 sends output voltageinformation to the charging control circuit 200. The charging controlcircuit 200 determines whether the output voltage of the power adapter100 meets the quick-charging voltage condition (in a quick-chargingvoltage range) according to the output voltage information, and if yes,the above block S3 is executed.

In addition, a following block (shown in FIG. 3) after block S2 may beincluded if the output voltage of the power adapter 100 does not meetthe quick-charging voltage condition.

In block S5, the power adapter 100 adjusts the output current accordingto a voltage deviation feedback signal sent by the charging controlcircuit 200, if the output voltage of the power adapter 100 does notmeet the quick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the chargingcontrol circuit 200.

In at least one embodiment, the voltage deviation feedback signalincludes a low voltage feedback signal and a high voltage feedbacksignal. If the voltage is lower, the power adapter 100 increases theoutput voltage according to the low voltage feedback signal, and if thevoltage is higher, the power adapter 100 decreases the output voltageaccording to the high voltage feedback signal.

For the charging control methods for the electronic device shown inFIGS. 2 and 3, a block of charging the battery 300 firstly by the poweradapter 100 with the constant-voltage direct-current output in block S1may be explained specifically as follows.

The power adapter 100 detects and determines whether a voltage at thecommunication interface 10 is greater than a voltage threshold under acase that the direct current output of the power adapter 100 is turnedoff. If yes, the power adapter 100 continues to detect and determinewhether the voltage at the communication interface 10 is greater thanthe voltage threshold under the case that the direct current output isturned off (which means that the electronic device does not quit thequick-charging mode). If no, the power adapter 100 outputs the directcurrent according to a preset conventional output voltage.

The voltage threshold may be 2V, and the conventional output voltage maybe 5.1V.

For the charging control methods for the electronic device shown inFIGS. 2 and 3, a block of adjusting an output voltage according to avoltage of the battery 300 fed back by the charging control circuit 200in block S2 may be explained specifically as follows.

The power adapter 100 calculates a sum of the voltage of the battery 300fed back by the charging control circuit 200 and a preset voltageincremental value, so as to obtain the preset quick-charging voltagevalue.

The power adapter 100 adjusts the output voltage according to the presetquick-charging voltage value.

The preset voltage incremental value may be 0.2V.

For the charging control methods for the electronic device shown inFIGS. 2 and 3, block S4 may be explained specifically as follows.

The power adapter 100 determines whether a difference between the outputvoltage and the voltage of the battery 300 is greater than a voltagedifference threshold according to the voltage of the battery 300 fedback by the charging control circuit 200. If yes, the power adapter 100turns off the direct current output (this indicates that a wireimpedance between the communication interface 10 of the power adapter100 and the communication interface 20 of the electronic device isabnormal and the power adapter 100 needs to stop outputting the directcurrent). If no, the power adapter 100 adjusts the output currentaccording to the voltage of the battery 300 fed back by the chargingcontrol circuit 200.

The voltage difference threshold may be 0.8V.

In order to realize a charging control apparatus for an electronicdevice relied on by the above charging control method for the electronicdevice, FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of the chargingcontrol apparatus for the electronic device, and FIG. 5 illustrates anexemplary circuit structure of the above power adapter 100. Forillustration purposes, only the parts related to embodiments of thepresent disclosure are shown, which will be described in detail asfollows.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the power adapter 100 includes an EMI filtercircuit 101, a high-voltage rectifier and filter circuit 102, anisolation transformer 103, an output filter circuit 104 and a voltagetracking and control circuit 105. The EMI filter circuit 101 isconfigured perform an electromagnetic interference filter on the cityelectricity, the high-voltage rectifier and filter circuit 102 isconfigured to perform a rectifier and filter on the city electricityafter the electromagnetic interference filter for outputting ahigh-voltage direct current, the isolation transformer 103 is configuredto perform an electrical isolation on the high-voltage direct current,the output filter circuit 104 is configured to perform a filter processon an output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 for charging thebattery, and the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 is configuredto adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 accordingto an output voltage of the output filter circuit 104.

The power adapter 100 further includes a power circuit 106, a maincontrol circuit 107, a potential adjustment circuit 108, a currentdetection circuit 109, a voltage detection circuit 110 and an outputswitch circuit 111.

An input terminal of the power circuit 106 is coupled to a secondaryterminal of the isolation transformer 103, and a power terminal of themain control circuit 107, a power terminal of the potential adjustmentcircuit 108 and a power terminal of the current detection circuit 109are collectively coupled to an output terminal of the power circuit 106.A high-potential terminal of the main control circuit 107 and ahigh-potential terminal of the potential adjustment circuit 108 are bothcoupled to a positive output terminal of the output filter circuit 104.A potential adjustment terminal of the potential adjustment circuit 108is coupled to the voltage tracking and control circuit 105. A directcurrent input terminal of the current detection circuit 109 is coupledto the positive output terminal of the output filter circuit 104, and acurrent sensing and feedback terminal of the current detection circuit109 is coupled to a current detection terminal of the main controlcircuit 107. A clock output terminal and a data output terminal of themain control circuit 107 are coupled to a clock input terminal and adata input terminal of the potential adjustment circuit 108respectively. A first detection terminal and a second detection terminalof the voltage detection circuit 110 are coupled to a direct currentoutput terminal of the current detection circuit 109 and a negativeoutput terminal of the output filter circuit 104 respectively, and afirst output terminal and a second output terminal of the voltagedetection circuit 110 are coupled to a first voltage detection terminaland a second voltage detection terminal of the main control circuit 107respectively. An input terminal of the output switch circuit 111 iscoupled to the direct current output terminal of the current detectioncircuit 109, an output terminal of the output switch circuit 111 iscoupled to a third detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit110, a ground terminal of the output switch circuit 111 is coupled tothe negative output terminal of the output filter circuit 104, and acontrolled terminal and a power terminal of the output switch circuit111 are coupled to a switch control terminal of the main control circuit107 and the secondary terminal of the isolation transformer 103respectively. Each of the negative output terminal of the output filtercircuit 104, the output terminal of the output switch circuit 111, and afirst communication terminal and a second communication terminal of themain control circuit 107 is coupled to the communication interface 10 ofthe power adapter 100.

When the power adapter 100 charges the battery 300 with theconstant-voltage direct-current output firstly, the main control circuit107 controls the output switch circuit 111 to turn off the directcurrent output of the power adapter 100. The voltage detection circuit110 detects the output voltage of the power adapter 100 and feeds back avoltage detection signal to the main control circuit 107. The maincontrol circuit 107 determines whether the output voltage of the poweradapter 100 is greater than a voltage threshold (for example, 2V)according to the voltage detection signal. If the output voltage of thepower adapter 100 is greater than the voltage threshold, the voltagedetection circuit 110 continues to detect the output voltage of thepower adapter 100. If the output voltage of the power adapter 100 is notgreater than the voltage threshold, the main control circuit 107controls the output switch circuit 111 to turn on the direct currentoutput of the power adapter 100, and drives the voltage tracking andcontrol circuit 105 via the potential adjustment circuit 108 to set theoutput voltage of the isolation transformer 103 as a conventional outputvoltage (for example, 5.1V). The current detection circuit 109 detectsthe output current of the power adapter 100 and feeds back a currentdetection signal to the main control circuit 107. If the main controlcircuit 107 determines that the output current of the power adapter 100is within a conventional current range (for example, 1 A˜4 A) for apreset period of time (for example, 3 S) according to the currentdetection signal, the main control circuit 107 performs a quick-charginginquiry communication with the charging control circuit 200. After thecharging control circuit 200 sends the quick-charging instruction to themain control circuit 107, the main control circuit 107 drives thevoltage tracking and control circuit 105 via the potential adjustmentcircuit 108 to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer(i.e. adjust the output voltage of the power adapter 100) according tothe voltage of the battery 300 fed back by the charging control circuit200. If the output voltage of the power adapter 100 meets thequick-charging voltage condition (i.e., within the rated quick-chargingvoltage range or equal to the rated quick-charging voltage value)pre-set by the charging control circuit 200, the main control circuit107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 via thepotential adjustment circuit 108 to adjust the output voltage of theisolation transformer 103, such that the power adapter 100 outputs thedirect current according to the quick-charging current value (forexample, 4 A) and the quick-charging voltage value (for example, anyvalue between 3.4V˜4.8V) for quick-charging the battery 300. At the sametime, the charging control circuit 200 introduces the direct currentfrom the power adapter 100 to charge the battery 300. During the processof quick-charging, the main control circuit 107 determines whether adifference between the output voltage and the voltage of the battery 300is greater than a voltage difference threshold according to the voltageof the battery 300 fed back by the charging control circuit 200. If thedifference is greater than the voltage difference threshold, the maincontrol circuit 107 controls the output switch circuit 111 to turn offthe direct current output (this indicates that a wire impedance betweenthe communication interface 10 of the power adapter 100 and thecommunication interface 20 of the electronic device is abnormal and thepower adapter 100 needs to stop outputting the direct current). If thedifference is not greater than the difference voltage threshold, themain control circuit 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit105 via the potential adjustment circuit 108 to adjust the outputvoltage of the isolation transformer 103 according to the voltage of thebattery 300 fed back by the charging control circuit 200, such thatadjusting the output current of the power adapter 100 is realized.

When the power adapter 100 charges the battery 300 with theconstant-voltage direct-current output firstly, if the output current ofthe power adapter 100 is less than a current lower limit (for example, 1A), the current detection circuit 109 continues to detect the outputcurrent of the power adapter 100 and to feed back the current detectionsignal to the main control circuit 107, and if the output current of thepower adapter 100 is greater than a current upper limit (for example, 4A), the main control circuit 107 controls the output switch circuit 111to turn off the direct current output of the power adapter 100, thusrealizing short-circuit protection.

If the output voltage of the power adapter 100 does not meet the abovequick-charging voltage condition, the main control circuit 107 drivesthe voltage tracking and control circuit 105 via the potentialadjustment circuit 108 to adjust the output voltage of the isolationtransformer 103 according to a voltage deviation feedback signal sent bythe charging control circuit 200. The voltage deviation feedback signalincludes a low voltage feedback signal and a high voltage feedbacksignal. If the voltage is lower, the main control circuit 107 drives thevoltage tracking and control circuit 105 via the potential adjustmentcircuit 108 to increase the output voltage of the isolation transformer103 according to the low voltage feedback signal, and if the voltage ishigher, the main control circuit 107 drives the voltage tracking andcontrol circuit 105 via the potential adjustment circuit 108 to decreasethe output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 according to thehigh voltage feedback signal.

FIG. 5 illustrates the exemplary circuit structure of the above poweradapter 100. For illustration purposes, only the parts related toembodiments of the present disclosure are shown, which will be describedin detail as follows.

The power circuit 106 includes: a first capacitor C1, a voltagestabilizing chip U1, a second capacitor C2, a first inductor L1, asecond inductor L2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a thirdcapacitor C3, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2.

A collective node of a first terminal of the first capacitor C1, and aninput power pin Vin and an enable pin EN of the voltage stabilizing chipU1 is configured as the input terminal of the power circuit 106. Asecond terminal of the first capacitor C1 and a ground pin GND of thevoltage stabilizing chip U1 are collectively coupled to ground. A switchpin SW of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 and a first terminal of thesecond capacitor C2 are collectively coupled to a first terminal of thefirst inductor L1. An internal switch pin BOOST of the voltagestabilizing chip U1 and a second terminal of the second capacitor C2 arecollectively coupled to a cathode of the first diode D1. A feedbackvoltage pin FB of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is coupled to a firstterminal of the first resistor R1 and a first terminal of the secondresistor R2 respectively. A second terminal of the first inductor L1 anda cathode of the second diode D2 are collectively coupled to a firstterminal of the second inductor L2. A collective node formed bycollectively connecting a second terminal of the second inductor L2, ananode of the first diode D1, a second terminal of the first resistor R1and a first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is configured as theoutput terminal of the power circuit 106. An anode of the second diodeD2, a second terminal of the second resistor R2 and a second terminal ofthe third capacitor C3 are collectively coupled to ground. The powercircuit 106 performs a voltage conversion processing on a voltage at thesecondary terminal of the isolation transformer 103 by using the voltagestabilizing chip U1 as a core, and then outputs a voltage of +3.3V forsupplying power for the main control circuit 107, the potentialadjustment circuit 108 and the current detection circuit 109. Thevoltage stabilizing chip U1 may be a buck DC/DC converter with a modelMCP16301.

The main control circuit 107 includes a main control chip U2, a thirdresistor R3, a reference voltage chip U3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifthresistor R5, a fourth capacitor C4, a sixth resistor R6, a seventhresistor R7, a first NMOS transistor Q1, an eighth resistor R8, a ninthresistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfthresistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14.

A power pin VDD of the main control chip U2 is configured as the powerterminal of the main control circuit 107, a ground pin VSS of the maincontrol chip U2 is coupled to ground, a first input/output pin RA0 ofthe main control chip U2 is suspended. A first terminal of the thirdresistor R3 is coupled to the power pin VDD of the main control chip U2,a second terminal of the third resistor R3 and a first terminal of thefourth resistor R4 are collectively coupled to a cathode CATHODE of thereference voltage chip U3, an anode ANODE of the reference voltage chipU3 is coupled to ground, a vacant pin NC of the reference voltage chipU3 is suspended. A second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is coupledto a second input/output pin RA1 of the main control chip U2. A thirdinput/output pin RA2 of the main control chip U2 is configured as thecurrent detection terminal of the main control circuit 107. A fourthinput/output pin RA3 of the main control chip U2 is coupled to a firstterminal of the fifth resistor R5, a second terminal of the fifthresistor R5 and a first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 arecollectively coupled to the power pin VDD of the main control chip U2,and a second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is coupled to ground. Afifth input/output pin RA4 of the main control chip U2 is configured asthe switch control terminal of the main control circuit 107. A sixthinput/output pin RA5 of the main control chip U2 is coupled to a firstterminal of the sixth resistor R6, a second terminal of the sixthresistor R6 and a grid electrode of the first NMOS transistor Q1 arecollectively coupled to a first terminal of the seventh resistor R7, asecond terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and a source electrode of thefirst NMOS transistor Q1 are collectively coupled to ground, a drainelectrode of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is coupled to a first terminalof the eighth resistor R8, a second terminal of the eighth resistor R8is configured as the high-potential terminal of the main control circuit107. A seventh input/output pin RC0 and an eighth input/output pin RC1of the main control chip U2 are configured as the clock output terminaland the data output terminal of the main control circuit 107respectively, a ninth input/output pin RC2 and a tenth input/output pinRC3 of the main control chip U2 are configured as the second voltagedetection terminal and the first voltage detection terminal of the maincontrol circuit 107 respectively. An eleventh input/output pin RC4 and atwelfth input/output pin RC5 of the main control chip U2 are coupled toa first terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and a first terminal of thetenth resistor R10 respectively, a first terminal of the eleventhresistor R11 and a first terminal of the twelfth resistor R12 arecoupled to a second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and a secondterminal of the tenth resistor R10 respectively, a second terminal ofthe eleventh resistor R11 and a second terminal of the twelfth resistorR12 are collectively coupled to ground, a first terminal of thethirteenth resistor R13 and a first terminal of the fourteenth resistorR14 are coupled to the second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and thesecond terminal of the tenth resistor R10 respectively, a secondterminal of the thirteenth resistor R13 and a second terminal of thefourteenth resistor R14 are collectively coupled to the power pin VDD ofthe main control chip U2. The second terminal of the ninth resistor R9and the second terminal of the tenth resistor R10 are configured as thefirst communication terminal and the second communication terminal ofthe main control circuit 107 respectively. The main control chip U2 maybe a single chip microcontroller with a model of PIC12LF1822,PIC12F1822, PIC16LF1823 or PIC16F1823. The reference voltage chip U3 maybe a reference voltage element with a model of LM4040.

The potential adjustment circuit 108 includes: a fifteenth resistor R15,a sixteenth resistor R16, a digital potentiometer U4, a seventeenthresistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixthcapacitor C6 and a nineteenth resistor R19.

A collective node of a first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15, afirst terminal of the sixteenth resistor R15, a power pin VDD of thedigital potentiometer U4 and a first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5is configured as the power terminal of the potential adjustment circuit108. A second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5, a first terminal ofthe sixth capacitor C6, a ground pin VSS of the digital potentiometer U4and a first terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 are collectivelycoupled to ground, and a second terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 iscoupled to the power pin VDD of the digital potentiometer U4. Acollective node of a second terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15 and aserial data pin SDA of the digital potentiometer U4 is configured as thedata input terminal of the potential adjustment circuit 108. Acollective node of a second terminal of the sixteenth resistor R16 and aclock input pin SCL of the digital potentiometer U4 is configured as theclock input terminal of the potential adjustment circuit 108. An addresszero pin AO of the digital potentiometer U4 is coupled to ground. Afirst potential wiring pin POA of the digital potentiometer U4 and afirst terminal of the eighteenth resistor R18 are collectively coupledto a second terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17. A second terminalof the eighteenth resistor R18 and a second potential wiring pin POB ofthe digital potentiometer are collectively coupled to a first terminalof the nineteenth resistor R19, and a second terminal of the nineteenthresistor R19 is configured as the high-potential terminal of thepotential adjustment circuit 108. A potential tap pin POW of the digitalpotentiometer U4 is configured as the potential adjustment terminal ofthe potential adjustment circuit 108. The digital potentiometer U4adjusts an internal slide rheostat according to a clock signal and adata signal output from the main control chip U2, such that a potentialat a tap terminal (i.e. the potential tap pin POW of the digitalpotentiometer U4) of the internal slide rheostat changes, therebyenabling the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to follow thispotential change for adjusting the output voltage of the isolationtransformer 103. The digital potentiometer U4 specifically may be adigital potentiometer with a model of MCP45X1.

The current detection circuit 109 includes: a twentieth resistor R20, atwenty-first resistor R21, a twenty-second resistor R22, a seventhcapacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a current sensing chip U5, atwenty-third resistor R23, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10and a twenty-fourth resistor R24.

A first terminal and a second terminal of the twentieth resistor R20 areconfigured as the direct current input terminal and the direct currentoutput terminal of the current detection circuit 109 respectively. Afirst terminal of the twenty-first resistor R21 and a first terminal ofthe twenty-second resistor R22 are coupled to the first terminal and thesecond terminal of the twentieth resistor R20 respectively. A secondterminal of the twenty-first resistor R21 and a first terminal of theseventh capacitor C7 are collectively coupled to a positive input pinIN+ of the current sensing chip U5, and a second terminal of thetwenty-second resistor R22 and a first terminal of the eighth capacitorC8 are collectively coupled to a negative input pin IN− of the currentsensing chip U5. A collective node of a power pin V+ of the currentsensing chip U5 and a first terminal of the ninth capacitor C9 isconfigured as the power terminal of the current detection circuit 109. Avacant pin NC of the current sensing chip U5 is suspended. An output pinOUT of the current sensing chip U5 is coupled to a first terminal of thetwenty-third resistor R23. A second terminal of the twenty-thirdresistor R23 is configured as the current sensing and feedback terminalof the current detection circuit 109. A first terminal of the tenthcapacitor C10 and a first terminal of the twenty-fourth resistor R24 arecollectively coupled to the second terminal of the twenty-third resistorR23. A second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7, a second terminal ofthe eighth capacitor C8, a second terminal of the ninth capacitor C9, asecond terminal of the tenth capacitor C10, a second terminal of thetwenty-fourth resistor R24, and a ground pin GND, a first referencevoltage pin REF1 and a second reference voltage pin REF2 of the currentsensing chip U5 are collectively coupled to ground. The twentiethresistor R20, as a current sensing resistor, samples an output currentof the output filter circuit 104 (i.e. the output current of the poweradapter 100). Then, the current sensing chip U5 outputs the currentdetection signal to the main control chip U2 according to a voltageacross two terminals of the twentieth resistor R20. The current sensingchip U5 may be a current shunt monitor with a model of INA286.

The voltage detection circuit 110 includes: a twenty-fifth resistor R25,a twenty-sixth resistor R26, an eleventh capacitor C11, a twelfthcapacitor C12, a twenty-seventh resistor R27 and a twenty-eighthresistor R28.

A first terminal of the twenty-fifth resistor R25 is configured as thefirst detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit 110. Acollective node of a second terminal of the twenty-fifth resistor R25, afirst terminal of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 and a first terminal ofthe eleventh capacitor C11 is configured as the second output terminalof the voltage detection circuit 110. A second terminal of thetwenty-sixth resistor R26 is configured as the second detection terminalof the voltage detection circuit 110. A second terminal of the eleventhcapacitor C11, a first terminal of the twelfth capacitor C12 and a firstterminal of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 are collectively coupled tothe second terminal of the twenty-sixth resistor R26. A collective nodeof a second terminal of the twelfth capacitor C12, a second terminal ofthe twenty-seventh resistor R27 and a first terminal of thetwenty-eighth resistor R28 is configured as the first output terminal ofthe voltage detection circuit 110. A second terminal of thetwenty-eighth resistor R28 is configured as the third detection terminalof the voltage detection circuit 110.

The output switch circuit 111 includes: a twenty-ninth resistor R29, athirtieth resistor R30, a thirteenth capacitor C13, a thirty-firstresistor R31, a first NPN type transistor N1, a thirty-second resistorR32, a second NPN type transistor N2, a third diode D3, a voltagestabilizing diode ZD, a thirty-third resistor R33, a thirty-fourthresistor R34, a thirty-fifth resistor R35, a second NMOS transistor Q2and a third NMOS transistor Q3.

A first terminal of the twenty-ninth resistor R29 is configured as thecontrolled terminal of the output switch circuit 111. A second terminalof the twenty-ninth resistor R29 and a first terminal of the thirtiethresistor R30 are collectively coupled to a base of the first NPN typetransistor N1. A first terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13, a firstterminal of the thirty-first resistor R31 and a first terminal of thethirty-second resistor R32 are collectively coupled to a cathode of thethird diode D3, and an anode of the third diode D3 is configured as thepower terminal of the output switch circuit 111. A second terminal ofthe thirty-first resistor R31 and a base of the second NPN typetransistor N2 are collectively coupled to a collector of the first NPNtype transistor N1. A second terminal of the thirty-second resistor R32,a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD and a first terminal ofthe thirty-third resistor R33 are collectively coupled to a collector ofthe second NPN type transistor N2. A second terminal of the thirtiethresistor R30, a second terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13, anemitter of the first NPN type transistor N1, an emitter of the secondNPN type transistor N2 and an anode of the voltage stabilizing diode ZDare collectively coupled to ground. A second terminal of thethirty-third resistor R33, a first terminal of the thirty-fourthresistor R34, a first terminal of the thirty-fifth resistor R35, a gridelectrode of the second NMOS transistor Q2 and a grid electrode of thethird NMOS transistor Q3 are collectively coupled. A second terminal ofthe thirty-fourth resistor R34 is configured as the ground terminal ofthe output switch circuit 111. A drain electrode of the second NMOStransistor Q2 is configured as the input terminal of the output switchcircuit 111. A source electrode of the second NMOS transistor Q2 and asecond terminal of the thirty-fifth resistor R35 are collectivelycoupled to a source electrode of the third NMOS transistor Q3, and adrain electrode of the third NMOS transistor Q3 is configured as theoutput terminal of the output switch circuit 111. The second NMOStransistor Q2 and the third NMOS transistor Q3 are turned on or turnedoff simultaneously, thus turning on or turning off the direct currentoutput of the power adapter 100.

FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary circuit structure of the above chargingcontrol circuit 200. For illustration purposes, only the parts relatedto embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, which will bedescribed in detail as follows.

The charging control circuit 200 includes a battery connector J1, a maincontroller U6, a thirteenth capacitor C13, a thirty-sixth resistor R36,a thirty-seventh resistor R37, a fourteenth capacitor C14, a firstSchottky diode SD1, a second Schottky diode SD2, a fifteenth capacitorC15, a thirty-eighth resistor R38, a thirty-ninth resistor R39, afortieth resistor R40, a third NPN type transistor N3, a fourth NMOStransistor Q4 and a fifth NMOS transistor Q5.

The battery connector J1 is coupled to a plurality of electrodes of thebattery 300. A first pin 5A-1 and a second pin 5A-2 of the batteryconnector J1 are collectively coupled to ground, and a first ground pinGND1 and a second ground pin GND2 of the battery connector J1 arecollectively coupled to ground. A first input/output pin RA0 of the maincontroller U6 is coupled to a seventh pin 5A-3 and an eighth pin 5A-4 ofthe battery connector J1. A second input/output pin RA1, a seventhinput/output pin RC0, an eighth input/output pin RC1 and a ninthinput/output pin RC2 of the main controller U6 are coupled to a sixthpin 2A-4, a fifth pin 2A-3, a fourth pin 2A-2 and a third pin 2A-1 ofthe battery connector J1 respectively. An analog ground pin VSS and aground pin GND of the main controller U6 are coupled to ground. A firstvacant pin NC0 and a second vacant pin NC1 of the main controller U6 aresuspended. Each of power pin VDD of the main controller U6 and a firstterminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is collectively coupled to theseventh pin 5A-3 and the eighth pin 5A-4 of the battery connector J1. Afourth input/output pin RA3 and an eleventh input/output pin RC4 of themain controller U6 perform data communication with the electronicdevice. The thirty-sixth resistor R36 is coupled between the fourthinput/output pin RA3 and the power pin VDD of the main controller U6. Asixth input/output pin RA5 and a twelfth input/output pin RC5 of themain controller U6 are coupled to the first communication terminal andthe second communication terminal of the main control circuit 107 in thepower adapter 100 respectively. A first terminal of the thirty-seventhresistor R37 and a first terminal of the thirty-eighth resistor R38 arecollectively coupled to a tenth input/output pin RC3 of the maincontroller U6. A second terminal of the thirty-seventh resistor R37 iscoupled to the power pin VDD of the power adapter U6. A second terminalof the thirty-eighth resistor R38 is coupled to a base of the third NPNtype transistor N3. A fifth input/output pin RA4 of the main controllerU6 is coupled to a first terminal of the fourteenth capacitor C14, asecond terminal of the fourteenth capacitor C14 and a cathode of thefirst Schottky diode SD1 are collectively coupled to an anode of thesecond Schottky diode SD2, a first terminal of the thirty-ninth resistorR39 and a first terminal of the fifteenth capacitor C15 are collectivelycoupled to a cathode of the second Schottky diode SD2, and each of asecond terminal of the thirty-ninth resistor R39, a first terminal ofthe fortieth resistor R40 and a collector of the third NPN typetransistor N3 is coupled to a grid electrode of the fourth NMOStransistor Q4 and a grid electrode of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, anda second terminal of the fortieth resistor R40 and a second terminal ofthe fifteenth capacitor C15 are collectively coupled to ground. A sourceelectrode of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is coupled to an anode of thefirst Schottky diode SD1 and further coupled to the seventh pin 5A-3 andthe eighth pin 5A-4 of the battery connector J1. A drain electrode ofthe fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is coupled to a drain electrode of thefifth NMOS transistor Q5. A source electrode of the fifth NMOStransistor Q5 is coupled to a power wire VBUS of the communicationinterface 20 of the electronic device. An emitter of the third NPN typetransistor N3 is coupled to an anode of the third Schottky diode SD3,and a cathode of the third Schottky diode SD3 is coupled to ground. Themain controller U6 may be a single chip microcontroller with a model ofPIC12LF1501, PIC12F1501, PIC16LF1503, PIC16F1503, PIC16LF1507,PIC16F1507, PIC16LF1508, PIC16F1508, PIC16LF1509 or PIC16F1509.

The main controller U6 performs data communication with the electronicdevice via the fourth input/output pin RA3 and the eleventh input/outputpin RC4. The main controller U6 sends voltage and electric quantityinformation of the battery 300 to the electronic device (such as amobile phone). The main controller U6 also determines whether thequick-charging process of the battery 300 is completed according to thevoltage of the battery 300. If the quick-charging is completed, the maincontroller U6 feeds back a quick-charging turning-off instruction toinform the electronic device of switching a charging mode from aquick-charging mode to a conventional charging mode. During the processof charging the battery 300 by the power adapter 100, if thecommunication interface 10 of the power adapter 100 is disconnected fromthe communication interface 20 of the electronic device suddenly, themain controller U6 detects the voltage of the battery 300 via thebattery connector J1 and feeds back a charging stop instruction toinform the electronic device of closing the communication interface 20.In addition, if the electronic device is able to detect a temperature ofthe battery 300, it may inform the main controller U6 to turn off thefourth NMOS transistor Q4 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 when thetemperature is abnormal, thus stopping the quick-charging of the battery300. Meanwhile, the electronic device switches the charging mode fromthe quick-charging mode to the conventional charging mode.

During the process of quick-charging the battery 300 by the poweradapter 100, the charging control circuit 200 introduces the directcurrent from the power adapter 100 for charging the battery 300, whichis realize in such a way that, the main controller U6 outputs a controlsignal via the fifth input/output pin RA4 thereof for controlling thefourth NMOS transistor Q4 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 to turn on,and controls the third NPN-type transistor N3 to turn off via the tenthinput/output pin RC3, such that the communication interface 20 of theelectronic device introduces the direct current from the communicationinterface 10 of the power adapter 100 for charging the battery 300.Since the battery 300 itself obtains the direct current from the poweradapter 100 via the communication interface 20 of the electronic device,the direct current introduced by the charging control circuit 200 playsa role of increasing the charging current of charging the battery 300,thereby realizing the quick-charging for the battery 300.

In addition, during the process of quick-charging the battery 300 by thepower adapter 100, and during the process of introducing the directcurrent by the charging control circuit 200 from the power adapter 100for charging the battery 300, if the power wire VBUS and the ground wireGND of the communication interface 10 of the power adapter 100 arereversedly coupled to the power wire VUS and the ground wire GND of thecommunication interface 20 of the electronic device via data lines (i.e.the power wire VBUS and the ground wire GND of the communicationinterface 10 of the power adapter 100 are coupled to the ground of thecharging control circuit 200 and the source electrode of the fifth NMOStransistor Q5 respectively), components in the charging control circuit200 may be damaged. In order to avoid problems of damaging thecomponents, as shown in FIG. 7, the charging control circuit 200 mayfurther includes a sixth NMOS transistor Q6, a seventh NMOS transistorQ7 and a forty-first resistor R41. A source electrode of the sixth NMOStransistor Q6 is coupled to a source electrode of the fifth NMOStransistor Q5, a drain electrode of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 iscoupled to a drain electrode of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7, a sourceelectrode of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7 is coupled to a collector ofthe third NPN transistor N3, a grid electrode of the sixth NMOStransistor Q6 and a grid electrode of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7 arecollectively coupled to a first terminal of the forty-first resistorR41, and a second terminal of the forty-first resistor R42 is coupled toground.

When the above problem of reversed connection occurs, the secondterminal of the forty-first resistor R41 accesses the direct currentfrom the ground for driving the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 and the seventhNMOS transistor Q7 to turn off, such that the direct current enteringthe charging control circuit 200 from the ground cannot form a loop,thereby protecting the components in the charging control circuit 200from damage.

In embodiments of the present disclosure, during the process of chargingthe battery 300 in the electronic device by the charging controlapparatus for the electronic device, the power adapter 100 charges thebattery 300 with the constant-voltage direct-current output firstly.Then, after the power adapter 100 receives the quick-charginginstruction sent by the charging control circuit, the power adapter 100adjusts the output voltage according to the voltage of the battery 300fed back by the charging control circuit 200. If this output voltagemeets the quick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the chargingcontrol circuit 200, the power adapter 100 adjusts the output currentand the output voltage according to the preset quick-charging currentvalue and the preset quick-charging voltage value for quick-charging thebattery 300 in the electronic device, and meanwhile the charging controlcircuit 200 introduces the direct current from the power adapter 100 forcharging the battery 300. During the process of quick-charging, thepower adapter 100 further adjusts the output current in real timeaccording to the output voltage thereof and the voltage of the battery300. Therefore, the objective of realizing the quick-charging for thebattery 300 by adjusting the output current and the output voltage ofthe power adapter 100 is realized.

The foregoing description is preferred embodiments of the presentdisclosure, and cannot be used to limit the present disclosure.Equivalents, alternatives and obvious variants may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of the present disclosure, may belong to theprotection scope determined by the claims submitted in the presentdisclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A power adapter, configured to: during charging abattery in an electronic device with a constant-voltage direct current,send a quick-charging inquiry instruction to the electronic device whenthe output current of the power adapter is within a conventional currentrange during a preset period of time, and receive a quick-charginginstruction fed back by the electronic device to determine negotiate acharging mode, the charging mode comprising a first charging mode or asecond charging mode, and a charging speed of the first charging modebeing faster than that of the second charging mode; after determiningthe first charging mode, output a direct current in the first chargingmode for charging the battery; and during charging the battery in thefirst charging mode, adjust the direct current and voltage in real timeto charge the electronic device.
 2. The power adapter according to claim1, further configured to: adjust an output voltage of the power adapteraccording to a voltage of the battery, and adjust the direct current andthe output voltage respectively according to a preset quick-chargingcurrent value and a preset quick-charging voltage value for charging thebattery in the first charging mode when the output voltage meets aquick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the electronic device. 3.The power adapter according to claim 2, further configured to: send theoutput voltage to the electronic device; receive a first message fromthe electronic device when the output voltage meets the quick-chargingvoltage condition; adjust the direct current and the output voltagerespectively according to the preset quick-charging current value andthe preset quick-charging voltage value for quick-charging the batterybased on the first message.
 4. The power adapter according to claim 2,further configured to: receive a second message from the electronicdevice when the output voltage does not meet the quick-charging voltagecondition, the second message comprising a voltage deviation value; andadjust the direct current based on the voltage deviation value.
 5. Thepower adapter according to claim 1, further configured to: detect avoltage at a communication interface of the power adapter under a casethat the constant-voltage direct current of the power adapter is turnedoff; determine whether the voltage at the communication interface isgreater than a voltage threshold; and output the constant-voltage directcurrent based on a preset conventional output voltage when the voltageat the communication interface is not greater than the voltagethreshold.
 6. The power adapter according to claim 5, further configuredto: return to perform the detecting act when the voltage at thecommunication interface is greater than the voltage threshold.
 7. Thepower adapter according to claim 1, wherein, the power adapter isconfigured to adjust an output voltage of the power adapter according toa voltage of the battery by performing acts of: calculating a sum of thevoltage of the battery and a preset voltage incremental value; andadjusting the output voltage based on the sum.
 8. The power adapteraccording to claim 1, wherein the power adapter is configured to adjustthe direct current in real time according to an output voltage of thepower adapter and a voltage of the battery by performing acts of:determining whether a difference between the output voltage of the poweradapter and the voltage of the battery is greater than a voltagedifference threshold; and adjusting the direct current based on thevoltage of the battery when the difference between the output voltage ofthe power adapter and the voltage of the battery is not greater than thevoltage difference threshold.
 9. The power adapter according to claim 8,further configured to: turn off the constant-voltage direct current whenthe difference between the output voltage of the power adapter and thevoltage of the battery is greater than the voltage difference threshold.10. The power adapter according to claim 1, wherein the quick-chargingvoltage condition comprises a quick-charging voltage range, theconstant-voltage direct current output is less than 4 A, the outputcurrent for quick-charging the battery is no less than 4 A, and theoutput voltage for quick-charging is in a range from 3.4V to 4.8V.
 11. Acharging control method, applied on a power adapter and comprising:during charging a battery in an electronic device with aconstant-voltage direct current, sending a quick-charging inquiryinstruction to the electronic device when the output current of thepower adapter is within a conventional current range during a presetperiod of time, and receiving a quick-charging instruction fed back bythe electronic device to determine a charging mode, the charging modecomprising a first charging mode or a second charging mode, and acharging speed of the first charging mode being faster than that of thesecond charging mode; after determining the first charging mode,outputting a direct current in the first charging mode for charging thebattery; and during charging the battery in the first charging mode,adjusting the direct current and voltage in real time to charge theelectronic device.
 12. The method according to claim 11, furthercomprising: adjusting an output voltage of the power adapter accordingto a voltage of the battery, and adjusting the direct current and theoutput voltage respectively according to a preset quick-charging currentvalue and a preset quick-charging voltage value for charging the batteryin the first charging mode when the output voltage meets aquick-charging voltage condition pre-set by the electronic device. 13.The method according to claim 12, further comprising: sending the outputvoltage of the power adapter to the electronic device; receiving a firstmessage from the electronic device when the output voltage meets thequick-charging voltage condition; adjusting the direct current and theoutput voltage respectively according to the preset quick-chargingcurrent value and the preset quick-charging voltage value forquick-charging the battery based on the first message.
 14. The methodaccording to claim 12, further comprising: receiving a second messagefrom the electronic device when the output voltage does not meet thequick-charging voltage condition, the second message comprising avoltage deviation value; and adjusting the direct current based on thevoltage deviation value.
 15. The method according to claim 11, furthercomprising: detect a voltage at a communication interface of the poweradapter under a case that the constant-voltage direct current of thepower adapter is turned off; determine whether the voltage at thecommunication interface is greater than a voltage threshold; and outputthe constant-voltage direct current based on a preset conventionaloutput voltage when the voltage at the communication interface is notgreater than the voltage threshold.
 16. The method according to claim15, further comprising: returning to perform the detecting act when thevoltage at the communication interface is greater than the voltagethreshold.
 17. The method according to claim 11, further comprising:calculating a sum of the voltage of the battery and a preset voltageincremental value; and adjusting the output voltage based on the sum;and adjusting the direct current in real time according to the outputvoltage and the voltage of the battery comprises: determining whether adifference between the output voltage and the voltage of the battery isgreater than a voltage difference threshold; and adjusting the directcurrent based on the voltage of the battery when the difference betweenthe output voltage and the voltage of the battery is not greater thanthe voltage difference threshold.
 18. An electronic device, comprising abattery and configured to: during charging the battery with aconstant-voltage direct current, receive a quick-charging inquiryinstruction from a power adapter when the output current of the poweradapter is within a conventional current range during a preset period oftime, and send a quick-charging instruction fed back to determine acharging mode to the power adapter, the charging mode comprising a firstcharging mode and or a second charging mode, and a charging speed of thefirst charging mode being faster than that of the second charging mode;after determining the first charging mode, receive a direct current inthe first charging mode for charging the battery; and during chargingthe battery in the first charging mode, instruct the power adapter toadjust the direct current and voltage in real time to charge theelectronic device.